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英语丨2018-2019学年度上学期高一期中复习知识点

2018-10-16 07:41:38  来源:网络整理

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  英语丨2018-2019学年度上学期高一期中复习知识点!同学们通过复习,可以牢固掌握所学的知识,使自己的知识水平上升一个新的层次,形成各种能力。下面就是小编特意为同学们整理的英语丨2018-2019学年度上学期高一期中复习知识点,希望对大家有所帮助。

 

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汇总丨2018-2019学年度上学期高一期中复习知识点


  Unit 4 Earthquakes

  词汇汇总

  earthquake /'ə:θkweik/ n. 地震

  quake /kweik/ n. 地震

  right away 立刻;马上

  well /wel/ n. 井

  △ crack /kræk/ n. 裂缝;噼啪声;vt. & vi. (使)开裂;破裂

  △ smelly /'smeli/ adj. 发臭的;有臭味的

  △ farmyard /'fɑ:mjɑ:d/ n. 农场;农家

  pipe /paip/ n. 管;导管

  burst /bə:st/ vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂;爆发;n. 突然破裂;爆发

  million /'miljən/ n. 百万

  event /i'vent/ n. 事件;大事

  as if 仿佛;好像

  at an end 结束;终结

  nation /'neiʃən/ n. 民族;国家;国民

  canal /kə'næl/ n. 运河;水道

  steam /sti:m/ n. 蒸汽;水汽

  dirt /də:t/ n. 污垢;泥土

  ruin /'ru:in/ n. 废墟;毁灭 vt. 毁灭;使破产

  in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪

  suffering /'sʌfəriŋ/ n. 苦难;痛苦

  extreme /ik'stri:m/ adj. 极度的

  injure /'indʒə/ vt. 损害;伤害

  △ survivor /sə'vaivə/ n. 幸存者;生还者;残存物

  destroy /di'strɔi/ vt. 破坏;毁坏;消灭

  brick /brik/ n. 砖;砖块

  dam /dæm/ n. 水坝;堰堤

  track /træk/ n. 轨道;足迹;痕迹

  useless /'ju:slis/ adj. 无用的;无效的;无益的

  shock /ʃɔk/ vt. & vi. (使)震惊;震动;n. 休克;打击;震惊

  rescue /'reskju:/ n. & vt. 援救;营救

  trap /træp/ vt. 使陷入困境 n. 陷阱;困境

  electricity /ilek'trisəti/ n. 电;电流;电学

  disaster /di'zɑ:stə/ n. 灾难;灾祸

  dig out 掘出;发现

  bury /'beri/ vt. 埋葬;掩埋;隐藏

  mine /main/ n. 矿;矿山;矿井

  miner /main/ n. 矿工

  shelter /'ʃeltə/ n. 掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处

  a (great) number of 许多;大量的

  title /'taitl/ n. 标题;头衔;资格

  reporter /ri'pɔ:tə/ n. 记者

  bar /bɑ:/ n. 条;棒;条状物

  damage /'dæmidʒ/ n. & vt. 损失;损害

  frighten /'fraitən/ vt. 使惊吓;吓唬

  frightened /'fraitnd/ adj. 受惊的;受恐吓的

  frightening /'fraitəniŋ/ adj. 令人恐惧的

  congratulation /kənɡrætʃu'leiʃən/ n.祝贺;(复数)贺词

  judge /dʒʌdʒ/ n. 裁判员;法官vt. 断定;判断;判决

  sincerely /sin'siəli/ adv. 真诚地;真挚地

  express /ik'spres/ vt. 表示;表达 n. 快车;速递

  outline /'autlain/ n. 要点;大纲;轮廓

  headline /'hedlain/ n. 报刊的大字标题

  cyclist /'saiklist/ n. 骑自行车的人

  重点句型

  1.The number of peoplewhowere killed or injured in the earthquake reached more than 400,000.(定语从句)——死伤的人数达到40多万。

  2.The army organized the rescue workers to dig out thosewhowere trapped and to bury the dead. (定语从句)——部队组织救援人员将受困的人们挖出来,将死者掩埋。

  3.Allhope wasnotlost. =Not allhope was lost.(部分否定)——不是所有的希望都破灭了。

  4.None ofus were allowed to go there.(全部否定)——我们全都不许去那里。

  5.He rescued the man from drowning.——他救了一男子使之免遭溺毙。

  6.An earthquake left the whole city in ruins.——地震过后,全城到处是残垣断壁。

  7.Ifeel highly honouredby your trust.——得到你的信任,我感到非常荣幸。

  8.Professor Yu organized his thoughts before giving the speech.——于教授在演讲之前组织了一下思路。

  9.Many people took shelter from the rain in the department store.——许多人在百货公司里避雨。

  10.It seemed that the world was at an end as the earthquake destroyed nearly everything.——世界似乎到了末日,因为地震几乎毁了一切。

  11.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.——人们开始纳闷,这场灾难还会持续多久?

  12.They used candles all the time instead of electricity.——他们一直用蜡烛,没有用电。

  13.The one million people of the city, who thought little of these strange events, went to bed as usual that night.(非限制性定语从句)——这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当一回事,当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。

  14.We’d better prepare him for the bad news.——我们较好让他做好知道这个坏消息的心理准备。

  15.The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.——垃圾发出一阵臭味。

  16. I am getting in touch with him right away.——我马上跟他联系。

  17.Are you willing to do public service work without pay?——你愿意无偿从事公益活动吗?

  18.Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?——你处于不幸中时容易丧失信心吗?

  语法总结

  概念:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

  成分:先行词,即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词:that,which,who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose);或者关系副词where,when,why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句的作用。

  1. 关系代词that的用法:关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主语,也能做宾语。例:

  1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物,作主语)

  2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物,作宾语,可省略)

  3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人,作主语)

  4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人,作宾语,可省略)

  2. 关系代词which的用法:关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物,既可以做宾语也能作主语。例:

  1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语)

  2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语,可省略)

  3. 关系代词who,whom的用法:关系代词who,whom 只能指人,在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语例:

  1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)

  2)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语,可省略)

  4. 关系代词whose的用法:关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。例:

  1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world. (指人,作主语)

  2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物,作主语)

  3)He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物,作宾语)

  5. 关系副词when的用法:关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语。例:

  1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the farm.

  2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?

  6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法:关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语。例:

  1)This is the place where( =at/in which) we first met.

  2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.

  7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法:关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语。例:

  1)I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I left.

  2)The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the train.

  Unit 5 Nelson Mandela - a modern hero

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